PREFACE

GEOGRAPHY AND HISTORY

1. THE RISE OF EUROPE

2. THE UPHEAVAL IN CHRISTENDOM, 1300-1560

3. ECONOMIC RENEWAL AND WARS OF RELIGION, 1560-1648

4. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF WEST-EUROPEAN LEADERSHIP

5. THE TRANSFORMATION OF EASTERN EUROPE, 1648-1740

6. THE STRUGGLE FOR WEALTH AND EMPIRE

7. THE SCIENTIFIC VIEW OF THE WORLD

8. THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT

9. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

10. NAPOLEONIC EUROPE

11. REACTION VERSUS PROGRESS, 1815-1848

12. REVOLUTION AND THE REIMPOSITION OF ORDER, 1848-1870

13. THE CONSOLIDATION OF LARGE NATION-STATES, 1859-1871

14.EUROPEAN CIVILIZATION, 1871-1914: ECONOMY AND 15.

16. EUROPE’S WORLD SUPREMACY, 1871-1914

17. THE FIRST WORLD WAR

18. THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION AND THE SOVIET UNION

19. THE APPARENT VICTORY OF DEMOCRACY

20. DEMOCRACY AND DICTATORSHIP

21. THE SECOND WORLD WAR

22. THE POSTWAR ERA: COLD WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION

24. A WORLD ENDANGERED: COEXISTENCE AND CONFRONTATION IN THE COLD WAR

25. A WORLD TRANSFORMED

Appendix I: Rulers and Regimes

Suggestions for Further Readings

Index