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Tables of Contents for The Occult in Early Modern Europe
Chapter/Section Title
Page #
Page Count
Acknowledgements
xvi
Introduction
1
4
A World of Signs and Spirits
5
61
Signs and Portents
5
10
Francisco Torreblanca Villalpando: natural divination
5
1
Melanchthon on predictions
6
1
Luther on natural signs
7
1
Tommaso Campanella on comets
8
1
Tycho Brahe: comets
8
1
Erasmus Bartholinus: reactions to a total eclipse of the sun
9
1
Madame de Sevigne: Letter, 2 January 1681
9
1
Pierre Bayle: reactions to an eclipse
10
1
Journal of a Parisian bourgeois: January 1517
11
1
Pierre Boaistuau: a monster from Poland
11
1
Luther: how unborn children are affected by what their mothers see
12
1
Paracelsus: the causes of monstrous births and physical marks
12
1
A miracle by the holy crucifix of Burgos
13
1
Journal of a Parisian bourgeois: two miraculous incidents (1516, 1522)
14
1
Dreams
15
5
Girolamo Cardano on the significance of dreams
15
1
Cornelius Agrippa on dreams and dreamers
16
1
Girolamo Cardano: how dreams work
17
1
Luther on sleep-walkers
18
1
Martino Del Rio: dreams may be sent by the Devil
18
1
(a)Willibald Pirckheimer to Varnbuhler (1522)
19
1
(b) Albrecht Durer: a frightening dream
19
1
Techniques of Divination and Interpretation
20
12
Nostradamus: (a) his technique, (b) a prophecy
20
1
Girolamo Cardano looks back on his occult studies
21
1
Martino Del Rio on physiognomy
22
1
Giovanni Indagine on the face
23
1
Paracelsus: character from a study of the face
24
1
Ciro Spontone on metoposcopy
25
1
Girolamo Cardano on the lines of the forehead
26
2
Bartolomeo della Rocca: planetary signs on the hand
28
1
Martino Del Rio on visions in a fingernail
29
1
Paracelsus: various types of divination
29
1
Jean Bodin on forms on divination
30
1
Francisco Torreblanca Villalpando on the notory and the Pauline arts
31
1
Ghosts
32
4
Girolamo Cardano's experience of a ghost
33
1
Girolamo Cardano: his father's encounter with a ghost
34
2
Spirits
36
7
Petrus Thyraeus: various types of spirits
36
1
Ludovicus Lavater: the reality of spirits
37
2
Johannes Reuchlin: angels and evil spirits
39
1
George Agricola on spirits in mines
40
1
Jean Bodin: spirits are innumerable
41
1
Girolamo Cardano on extraordinary sights
41
1
Martino Del Rio: spirits imprisoned in material objects
42
1
Girolamo Cardano's father kept a spirit as a servant
42
1
Noel Taillepied: Luther's demonic conception and later possession
43
1
Possession and Exorcism
43
15
Melanchthon: (a) a girl possessed by a spirit, (b) a werewolf
44
1
Martino Del Rio: an incident of possession
45
1
Girolamo Menghi on those who deny that people are possessed
46
1
Zacharias Vicecomes: signs of possession
46
2
Francois Perreaud: how to defend oneself against evil spirits
48
2
Anti-Jesuit parody of exorcism
50
1
Girolamo Menghi: part of an exorcism
51
1
Martino Del Rio's account of lengthy exorcism
52
5
Zacharias Vicecomes: signs which show the evil spirit has gone
57
1
Antonio Possevino: Letter to the Duke of Mantua (1585)
58
1
Superstition
58
8
Sixtus V's Bull against the magical arts (1586)
59
1
Carolus de Baucius on types of superstition
60
1
Bishop of Burgos: superstitions in the Mass
61
1
Bishop of Segovia: superstition at funerals
62
1
Bishop of Mondonedo: superstition at a deathbed
62
1
Antonio Possevino on Estonian superstitions
63
1
Bishop of Mondonedo: how to test one's wife's faithfulness
63
1
Synod report from Cora-Caceres (1537)
63
1
Bishop of Leon: superstitious cures of the sick
64
1
Manuel do Valle de Moura on spells
64
1
J. G. Frazer: a midsummer superstition
65
1
Two Astrology
66
49
Definitions
66
4
Girolamo Cardano: astronomy and astrology
68
1
Martino Del Rio: the different types of astrology
68
2
Tommaso Campanella: judicial astrology
70
1
The Influence of the Stars
70
4
Cornelius Agrippa on character derived from the stars
71
1
Marsilio Ficino: universal images and stellar rays
71
2
Jean-Baptiste Morin: the effect of the stars on earth
73
1
Critics and Defenders
74
12
Jean Calvin's denunciation of judicial astrology
74
1
Claudius Caelestinus: the reasons astrology has been condemned
75
1
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: the problems with astrology
76
1
Claude Saumaise: people do not need the stars to read character
77
1
Pierre Bayle on the role of the planets in astrology
78
1
Claude Pithoys: judicial astrology is blasphemous
79
1
J.-B. Bossuet: evil spirits use astrology to mislead human beings
80
2
Palingenius: stars rule the world
82
1
Girolamo Cardano: astrology is the most important of the sciences
82
1
Girolamo Cardano on the nobility of astrology
83
1
Girolamo Cardano's praise of astrology
83
1
Tycho Brahe: the reality of planetary and stellar influence
84
2
Character-reading and Advice
86
9
Girolamo Cardano: Luther's horoscope
86
1
Girolamo Cardano on his own horoscope
87
1
A prophecy of King Alfonso to King Ferdinand
88
1
Girolamo Cardano: a correct prediction of Pico's death
88
1
Jerome Purpurat to Nostradamus (1560)
89
1
Johannes Lobbetius to Nostradamus (1565)
89
1
Marsilio Ficino to Lorenzo de' Medici (1490)
90
1
Cornelius Agrippa on the influence of the planets on people's appearance
91
1
Tommaso Campanella on favourable and unfavourable planets
92
1
Melanchthon: the stars and people's temperaments
93
1
Erasmus on his natal stars
94
1
Jean Bodin: the stars and geography
94
1
Medicine
95
9
Cornelius Agrippa: planetary influences on the body
96
1
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: planets and bile
97
1
Tommaso Campanella: planets, diseases and death
98
2
Johann Kepler: planets and making medicines
100
1
Giovanni Indagine: the canons of astrology relating to judgements about illnesses
101
1
Claude Saumaise: the nature of personal characteristics
102
1
Claude Saumaise on climacteric years
102
2
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: planets govern periods of human life
104
1
Magic
104
4
Jean-Baptiste Morin: Jupiter's astrological associations
105
1
Tommaso Campanella: astral magic
106
1
Paracelsus on making astrological lamens
107
1
Music
108
1
Marsilio Ficino on music and the planets
108
1
Religion
109
6
Marsilio Ficino to Federico, Duke of Urbino (1481)
110
1
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: conjunctions and major religious events
110
1
Sixtus V against astrology and divination (1586)
111
2
Tommaso Campanella argues with the Pope
113
2
Magic
115
76
Different Types of Magic
115
3
Cornelius Agrippa on magic
115
1
Marsilio Ficino on harmful and acceptable magic
116
1
Benito Pereira: types of magic
117
1
Martino Del Rio on vain observance
118
1
The Antiquity of Magic
118
3
Marsilio Ficino on the history of magic
118
2
Pietro Crinito on ancient theurgists
120
1
Bernardus Penotus on ancient doctors and magic
121
1
Magicians, their Aims and Techniques
121
1
Jean Bodin: definition of a magician
122
9
Palingenius: some devastating effects of magic
122
1
Jacques Grevin: poisonous sorcery
122
1
Johannes Reuchlin: a protective amulet
123
1
Girolamo Cardano on sigils
124
1
Girolamo Menghi: evidence of maleficent magic
124
1
Cornelius Agrippa: occult and sympathetic properties in magic
125
1
Palingenius: dealing with spirits
126
1
Oswald Croll: how to make an amulet
127
1
Adam Olearius: apparent magic in Moscow
128
1
Arngrimur Jonsson: Letters to Ole Worm (1627, 1632)
129
1
Athanasius Kircher on Capturing fish by magical incantation
129
2
Counter-magic
131
6
Francisco Torreblanca Villalpando on ways of curing bewitchment
132
1
Zacharias Vicecomes: physical remedies for those who have been bewitched
133
1
Martino Del Rio: may one use a magician to remove bewitchment?
134
3
Magic and Kabbalah
137
11
Manuel do Valle de Moura on the Jewish view of Kabbalah
137
1
Francisco Torreblanca Villalpando: Kabbalistic words have no actual power
138
1
Andreas Libavius on the history of Kabbalah
138
1
Johannes Reuchlin: a definition of Kabbalah
139
1
Federico Borromeo on the Kabbalistic system and the Tree of Life
139
3
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: conclusions about the Kabbalah
142
2
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: Kabbalistic interpretation
144
1
Johannes Reuchlin: Kabbalah and God
145
1
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola: conclusions on Kabbalah and magic
146
1
Jean Bodin on the extraordinary possibilities of Kabbalistic Interpretation
147
1
Magic and Medicine
148
12
Athanasius Kircher: an amulet against the plague
149
1
Oswald Croll on signatures
150
2
Francois Perreaud on signs and symptoms often mistaken as demonic
152
1
Daniel Sennert: the medical causes of an incubus
153
1
Claude Pithoys: difficulties in assessing apparent demonic possession
154
2
Letter to Philibert de La Marre (1647)
156
4
Tricks
160
4
Girolamo Cardano on a Card-sharp
160
2
Johann Stumpf: farcical tricks in a monastery
162
2
Heresy
164
7
Martino Del Rio: heresy spreads evil spirits
164
3
(a) Nicolas des Gallars: Catholics protect witches and sorcerers
167
1
(b) Jean Gay: Protestants have revived magic
168
1
(c) Anonymous historian: Protestants meet in `sabbats'
168
1
Manuel do Valle de Moura: an account of three magicians
169
2
Witches
171
15
Johann Weyer on a lamia
172
1
Lambert Daneau on witches' assemblies
173
1
Girolamo Cardano: witches and the Mistress of the Play
174
2
Luther: one of his mother's neighbours was a witch
176
1
Lambert Daneau: Satan deceives witches
177
1
Jean Bodin: witches cannot fly through the air
177
1
Zacharias Vicecomes: signs of bewitchment
178
1
Monsieur des Niau on the possessed nuns of Loudun (1634)
179
1
Stephanus de Guelo's judgement upon a witch
180
2
Andrea Cesalpino on illusion
182
1
Johann Weyer: how Bologna deals with witches
182
1
Casimir Czartoriski condemns barbarous treatment of suspect witches
183
3
Scepticism?
186
5
Michel Montaigne on an encounter with witches
186
1
Martino Del Rio: doubts about the `witch's mark'
187
1
Martin von Arles on dubious beliefs about witches
188
1
Pierre Bayle: magic idolatry is worse than atheism
189
1
Manuel do Valle de Moura: magical power may well be real
189
2
Alchemy
191
34
The Nature of the Science
192
11
Basilius Valentinus on achieving the Stone
192
1
George Phaedro Rodocherus: the theory of the Stone and its preparation
193
5
Paracelsus on sulphur, quicksilver and the various stages of the alchemical process
198
2
Andreas Libavius: technical terms
200
2
Luther on alchemy and the Last Judgement
202
1
Isaac Newton: an alchemical process
202
1
Practitioners and their Work
203
17
Michael Sendivogius: a meeting of alchemists
203
1
Anonymous: Saturn and Mars describe their roles in alchemy
204
1
Balthasar de Monconys on his personal experiences as an alchemist
205
1
Paracelsus: practical instructions
206
1
Adam von Bodenstein: Letter to the Fuggers (1559)
207
3
Anonymous: Life of Sendivogius
210
4
Denis Zacaire: his life as an alchemist
214
4
Spinoza: an alchemical transmutation
218
2
Frauds
220
3
Andreas Libavius: calumnies against alchemy
220
1
Bernardinus Gometius de Medis on an elaborate fraud
221
2
Alchemy and Medicine
223
2
Johann Isaac of Holland on the uses of the Stone
223
2
Bibliography
225
12
Index
237